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A Short Historical Note on the Princely State of Baghal

The Princely State of Baghal traces its origins to the 13th century, founded by Raja Ajai Dev, Prime Minister of Malwa and a descendant of Raja Bhoj Dev, the renowned Parmar ruler of Malwa (1010–1053). The royal lineage is among the oldest in India, descending from Raja Aditya Panwar, who ruled the Mount Abu region in the 5th century. Raja Ajai Dev, eldest son of Raja Amar Dev of Dhara (present-day Dhar), served the Malwa kings before establishing his independent principality in the Sairi Valley around 1260.

The capital of Baghal shifted over time before being permanently established at Arki in 1643, where a palace was built. Despite Gurkha occupation in the early 19th century, the state was restored with British support. Under Raja Kishen Chand, Baghal flourished as a model state, earning the ruler the title of “Raja” and seeing major advancements in art, infrastructure, agriculture, and administration. Subsequent rulers further modernized the state through educational, medical, administrative, and social reforms. By the late 19th century, Baghal ranked 8th among the Punjab hill states and was permitted to maintain its own military force, reflecting its importance and prestige.